Statistics - Some Basic Definitions

Summarising Numerical Data

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In this blog series, we will cover some basic definitions in statistics which are used to summarise numerical data. We will see them under four headings.

  • Measures of central tendency: These are measures which can be used to quantify or represent the most typical value or the centre of a data set. Below are the 3 commonly used measures of central tendency.

    • Mean

    • Median

    • Mode

  • Measures of dispersion: These measures indicate the variability or the spread of a dataset. Below listed are the commonly used measures of dispersion or spread

    • range

    • interquartile range

    • variance - population variance and a sample variance

  • Five-number summary for a numerical data set

    • minimum

    • maximum

    • first quartile

    • third quartile

    • second quartile or median

  • Some Adhoc Definitions

    • outlier